Firing

Firing Schedule Generator

Generate a complete multi-segment kiln firing schedule for bisque or glaze firing.

Reviewed by ClayCalc Editorial · Updated

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Enter your measurements above and click Calculate.

What Is a Kiln Firing Schedule?

A firing schedule is a sequence of temperature ramp rates and hold times that controls how a kiln heats and cools. Each phase addresses a specific physical or chemical event in the clay and glaze: moisture release, organic burnout, quartz inversion, and final vitrification.

Critical Temperature Zones

Zone Range What Happens
Candling20–120°CMechanical and steam water evaporates
Burnout120–600°CChemical water releases; organics burn off
Quartz Inversion~573°CSilica changes crystal structure — rapid expansion/contraction
Approach900°C → peakGlaze melts and fluxes activate
SoakAt peakTemperature equalizes throughout the load

Bisque vs. Glaze Firing

Bisque firings require slower early rates to fully burn off organics without blowing out pieces. Glaze firings can be faster through early stages but need careful control through the quartz inversion zone and a controlled approach to peak temperature to allow the glaze surface to develop correctly.

Method & review note

About this calculation

Produces a planning estimate from the values entered. Nameplate power, utility billing, kiln condition, load and witness cones remain the authoritative studio checks.

Reference: Orton Ceramic — Pyrometric Cone Resources. See the editorial methodology for testing, precision and corrections.

Input handling: Values are sent to the ClayCalc server for this request and are not written to the application database.

Read the Kiln Firing Cost

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are there multiple segments in a firing schedule? expand_more
Different temperature ranges require different ramp speeds. Slow through steam and quartz inversion zones prevents cracking. Faster through intermediate ranges saves time. Slow final approach to peak ensures even heat work.
What is a soak (hold) at peak temperature? expand_more
A soak holds the kiln at peak temperature for 15–30 minutes to equalize temperature across the kiln load and allow glazes to fully mature. It is equivalent to adding heat work without raising the peak temperature.